Fluid-compressor.



No. 893,?113. l PATLNTLD JULY 21, 1908. I. ILLBINGLRIL A. L. CAIMLYLR.

FLUID COMPRESSOR.

` APPLICATION FILED IMLI, 1907. ,2 SHBBTSSHLBT 1.

No. 993,913. PATBNTED JULY 21, 1908.

F. FELBINGER E. CAFMEYBR.

FLUID COMPRESSOR. APPLICATION :FILED 1111.7.'190'1.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

, the ine -5 of piston ring,- Fig.

UNITED STATES FRANK FELBINGER, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, AND

ALEXANDER E. OAFMEYER, OF

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. :FLUID contraEssoR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 21, 1908i Application filed January 7, 1907. Serial No. 351,107.

To all whom't may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANK FELBINGER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee, in the State of Wisconsin, and AL- EXANDER E. CAFMEYER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of linois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in F luid-Compressors, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to high compression apparatus and particularly to those devices which are used for compressing carbonic anhydrid for refrigerating purposes.

' The extreme high pressure at which the gas is handled makes it difficult to attain the highest degree of economy and efficiency in the compressors used, while more or less waste of material has heretofore been found unavoidable. In our invention we are able to eliminate practically all clearance space in the cylinder and its valve connections, the valves are sealed against connection with the air, while we provide means by which all gas wastage from the cylinder is trapped and forced back into the same and into the distributing system.

Our apparatus also comlprehends means for supplying oil to the wor ing parts of the apparatus, and making a complete lubrication thereof, thus reducing the frictional resistance to a'minimum.

The principles of our invention are illustrated in the, drawings, in which:

Figure lshows a vertical longitudinal section Fig. 2 is an end view of'one of the cylinder heads; Fig. 3 is a cross section of Fig. 2 on the dotted lines 3-3; Fig. 4 is a view of one of the bull rings looked at in the line of the iston rod Fig. 5 is a section thereof on Fig. 4; Fig. 6 shows a spring 7 is a top view of the same; Fig. 8 shows two views of a segmental block or wedge for said piston ring, and Fig., 9 is an enlarged View partly in section of the gland sleeve.

Further describing our invention with ref-` erence to the drawings, in which like characters of reference denote like parts throughout: 1 is a substantial base plate upon which is mounted, and preferably formed integrally therewith, the cylinder 2. The same is provided with a bushing 3 which is securely fastened to it, and which is accurately bored to the recess 6 and seat 35 and adapted to -receive the piston head andpacking rings. At the end of said cylinder, farthest from the source of power, is attached the cylinder head 4, which is rovided with the fianges 5, by which it may e attached to the cylinder. The said head is provided with a deep recess 6, preferably of rounded contour. Said head may have the annular flanges 6 surrounding adapted to be seated in a corresponding annular groove inthe end of the bushing 3. Communicating directly with the recess 6 in the cylinder head are valve chambers 7 in which are seated valve casings 8. The latter are held securely in place by means of the sealing bonnets 9, which may be attached to the piston head by the tap bolts 10. At the other end of the cylinder is a head 15, which, as far as already described, is like the other head. It is, however, centrally perforated to allow the passage of the piston rod 16 and is further modified as will hereinafter be described.

Connected with each of the piston heads and preferably formed integrally with the latter are short connecting pipes provided with flanges 17 or other suitable means of connecting them to the, circulatory system. We prefer to place f the inlet valves, illustrated by 20, on one side of the apparatus and the outlet valves 21 on theother side of the apparatus, communieating respectively 'with ,the connecting pi es 18 and 18. The said valves, as prefera l constructed, are inclosed in casin s 25 whic are shaped to correspond with t e internal form of the valve chambers 7. The inlet and outletvalves are similar in construction and centrally of their casings mayhave a com art.- ment 27 in which the springs 28 are inc osed by means of the screw plugs 29. The inlet valve 20 has a head 30 resting onthe` seat 31 and adapted to play into the recess 6. The outlet valve 21 has a head 34 resting on the play into the valve casing 25. Both heads should play up to the cylinder bore and bc contoured to correspond therewith.

`In addition to the features described, which are common to both the cylinder heads, the one through which the piston rod passes may be substantially in the section of a truncated cone. An elongated stuffing box or gland 39 may be seated in the end of said cylinder head upon the fiber or other packing 40 the valve chambers on and securely attached thereto by is similarly inserted into piston rod and are of the applied ring 73.

means of the ianges 41 and the ta bolts 42. To insure perfect rigidity it shouldlbe further sup orted by the oiler standard 43 secured to t e base 1. Into the-lower part of the stuffing box should be placed metallic packing 44 of any suitable kind and next thereto should be inserted the sleeve 44. Above the sleeve may be laced any good quality of soft packing 45. he whole isthen screwed securely into place by means ofthe gland nut or cap 46 and the follower 47. The sleeve 44 shown in enlarged section 'in Fig. 9 should have its outer diameter correspond accurately to that of the stuffing box. It is reduced in size through a considerable part of its length by the groove 50, while a corresponding and similar groove 51 is forme on the inside 'of the sleeve. The two grooves are connected by numerous small openings 52. lThe end of a pipe 55 is insertedA into groove 50 in the sleeve 44. The said pipe is connected to an oil force pump, not shown, by which oil'under ahigh degree of pressure may be forced as hereinafter described. Atube the side of the stuffing box opposite groove 50 and this iscarried outside of the stufling box toa connecting oint as 61 with a duct '62 in the cylinder ead: The latter is provided with an inlet or relief valve 63 similar in construction to those heretofore described and,l being like them securely sealed by a cap 64, into the material of the cylinder head. The s aid duct 62 extends into said valve chamber', while an outlet therefrom` 65 opens into the cylinder bore 3. A piston head comprising 1nclosed ends 6", 6 contoured to correspond to the inner shape of the recessed cyhnder heads, is also provided between the said contoured ends with bull rings 70, details of which are lshown in' Figs. 4 and 5. These are perforated with an axlal bore 71 to take the turned down tol form'a neck 72. On the said neck is mounted a ring 73, which may be secured in place by screws or other means. A segment shaped wedge shown in Fig. S-may have an upper portion 7 5,while the ortion75 fills the space on the neck ofthe bu l rin between the ends ver the whole, as thus constructed and assembled, is sprung the ring 76 somewhat larger than the bore of p l the cylinder.

The construction of said ring is illustrated in Fig. 7 in which the open space 76 is adapted to embrace the portion 75 of arts 76" the wedge, while the continuous of t e wedge are seated on that portion 75 which rests on the bull ring.

The operation of the apparatus above described may be explained with reference to a simple refrigeration system7 in which the out-.-

let pipes of the aparatus are connected with a. piping system y which the compressed and eated fluids are conveyed to a condenser the stufling box opposite the.

in which they are cooled and assume, in the Acase of carbonio anhydrid, the liquid form.

When the pressure is removed at the condenser or storage tank such fluids by their expansion and evaploration are adapted to re igeration and W en their power therefor is exhausted they are led under compara-v tively low pressure back into the inlet pipes of the apparatus wherein they are compressed and continue on their rounds vas before, making a series of continuous operations. Assuming the piston rod to be in the position shown in Fig. 1 and the cylinder bore in the rear of the piston head to be filled with gases to be compressed, the motion of the piston head to the other end of the bore will compress the gases, forcing them through the outlet valve in the head 15 to the outlet pipe, not shown. At the same time the space in front of the cylinder is filled with gases drawn through the inlet valve of the pipe 18, while the returnof the cylinder forces the same through the outlet pi e 18. The rounded ends of the piston head corres ondin to the rounded recesses in the cylin er hea s work very closely therein, allowing, if the mechanism is properly adjusted, very little loss of efliciency .from clearance space. The arrangement of spring packing upon the bull rings permits httle or no wastage past the cylinder head7 while any wastage which may occur through the cylinder rod packinupon the return of the head will be trapped y the recess or groove 50 in the sleeve 44. As the head returns to the other end of the cylinder the comparative vacuum formed causes s uch wastage to pass through the duct 62 until an equilibrium of pressure is established with that inthe inlet ipe at this end of the cylinder, the egress o gases therefrom and the return of gases through said duct being checked by the operation of the valve 63.V lt. will thus be seen that any accumulation of gases under high pressure within the gland willbe prevented as .the same are immediately returned to the circulatory system with each return stroke.

The sleeve 44 performs a further function. Lubricatin oil may be forced through the pipe 52 un er pressure by any preferred form of oil force pump. Entering the annular recess 50 itis free to passthrough the openlngs 52 to the inner groove 51 on the inside of the sleeve, the latter being filled at all times with the oil. A complete lubrication of the iston rod is effected, the oil thus further ai ng in holding the gas pressures which may be prel sented. Any surplus ofoil is forced in common and mingled with the wastage which may be trapped by said sleeve through the 'pipe 60 and the duct 62 to the inside of the inder head, where it thoroughly lubricates the spring packlng and other wearing parts. Any accumulations of o1l w1ll'- be ejected from the cylinder head through the with the cylinder,` a ,pipe connecting said n head, and a machine, we claim and desire to outlet pi es and may be drained from the system to which they are attached by traps suitably placed.

' Having thus described our invention with reference to its embodiment in a practical secure by Letters Patent the following: u l

1. In a compressor, a cylinder having a head, and a piston working 1n said cylinder, a Waste trap adjacent to the piston rod, aduct or pi e toconnect the trap directly to the cylin er bore through said cylinder head, and avalve in said duct within the cylinder head to control the flow of Wastage to the cylinder and to force it )therein by the action 'of the piston. A v

2. In a compressor, a cylinder having a head, and a piston working 1n said cylinder, a sleeve surrounding the rod of sald piston having a recessed portion constituting a Waste-receiving chamber, a tube or duct ,extending through the cylinder head and connecting said chamber to 4the cylinder bore, and means in the cylinder head for controlling the How of wastage through said tube or 3. In a compressor, a cylinder having a head and a piston working in said cylinder, a sleeve surrounding the plston rod and provided with an annular recess constituting a Waste-receiving chamber, and a tube or duct extending through the head communicating duct with said waste-receiving chamber, and a valve in the cylinder 'head to control the llow of Wastage through said tube or duct.

4. In a compressor, -a cylinder having a iston working in the cylinder, a stuiing box or the piston rod, la sleeve inthe stuiiing box having a recessed ortion constituting a waste receiving cham er, a packing at each end of the sleeve, a reliefduct extending through the cylinder head and establishing communication between the cylinder bore and said waste-receiving chamber, and a valve in the-cylinder head controlling the HOW through said duct.

5. A piston packing for the piston of a compressor comprising a bull ring having a neck, a split band mounted on the neck and having a segmental cut-away portion in the peripher thereof, and a segmental filler wedge )Shing the cut-away portion of said ring.

' 6. In a compressor having a cylinder and a piston working therein a stuflng box for lthe piston rod, a trap in the stuIng box adjacent -to the piston rod to collect gases, a duct to connect the trap to the cylinder bore, -a valve in said duct lrelatively nearer to the cylinder bore than Ato the trap, and a sealing bonnet for said valve. v

7. A piston packingv for the piston of a compressor ,comprising a bull rin having a nec a split band fixed on the nec and having a space between its vends, a split ring on the band having a segmental cut-awa portion and a segmental filler wedge having an upper and a lower portion, the upper portion litting 1n the segmental cut-away portion of the split ring and the lower portion fitting in the space between the ends of said split band.

8. A piston packing for the piston of a compressor comprising a bullring( having a a spring neck, a segmental band on the nec ring having an open space mounted on the band, and a filler wedge adapted to ll the' open space in the spring ring and having a flange to fill the space in the segmental band.

In Witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands this 31st da of December A. D.

1906, in the presence o tWo subscribing witnesses.

' FRANK FELBINGERQ ALEXANDER E. CAFMEYER. Witnesses:

. JOHN HOMUTH, JOHN RENNER.

Waste oill and 

